Environmental pollution occurs as a result of the mixing of foreign substances into the air, water, and soil, which negatively affects living and non-living beings, damages their structures, and deteriorates their qualities. In this section, we will examine the causes and types of environmental pollution.

Causes of Environmental Pollution:

1. Rapid Population Growth: Rapid population growth causes depletion of natural resources and an increase in the amount of waste.

2. Unplanned Urbanization and Industrialization: Unplanned urbanization and industrialization are the main causes of environmental pollution. Concentration and industrial waste in cities pollute the environment.

3. Intense Migrations from Rural to Urban: Intensive migrations from rural to urban lead to an increase in the amount of waste in cities.

4. Excessive Consumption of Natural Resources: Excessive consumption of natural resources deepens environmental problems.

5. Increasing Energy Need: Increasing energy need causes excessive use of fossil fuels and air pollution.

6. Increase in Chemical Use: The increase in chemical use increases soil and water pollution.

7. Excessive Use of Fossil Fuels: Excessive use of fossil fuels increases greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, leading to climate change.

8.Changing Consumption Habits: Changing consumption habits contribute to the uncontrolled consumption of natural resources and the waste problem.

Types of Environmental Pollution:

  1. Soil Pollution: Soil pollution is the mixing of substances into the soil that deteriorate soil properties and harm living things.
  2. Water Pollution: Water pollution occurs as a result of chemical, physical, and bacteriological damage to water resources.
  3. Air Pollution: Air pollution is the harm caused by pollutants in the atmosphere to human health and the environment.
  4. Light Pollution: Light pollution refers to the impact of excessive light use on the environment.
  5. Noise Pollution: Noise pollution describes the negative effects of excessive noise on human health.

    Effects of Environmental Pollution:

    The effects that occur as a result of environmental pollution are:

    1. Soil Pollution: Soil pollution harms living things through the food chain and can reach humans.
    2. Water Pollution: Water pollution causes water resources to become unusable and harms aquatic creatures.

    3. Air Pollution: Air pollution causes problems such as the greenhouse effect, ozone depletion, and acid rain.

Prevention of Environmental Pollution:

Precautions that can be taken to prevent environmental pollution are:

  1. Reducing Fossil Fuel Use: Turning to clean energy sources and saving energy is important.
  2. Control of Industrial Facilities: Industrial facilities should be inspected, and filters should be used to avoid polluting the environment.
  3. Promotion of Public Transportation: The use of public transportation should be encouraged, and environmentally friendly transportation methods should be supported.
  4. Waste Management: Separation of waste, promotion of recycling and safe disposal of harmful waste are important.
  5. Protection of Natural Ecosystems: Forests and green areas should be protected, and erosion should be prevented.
  6. Control of Chemical Use: It is necessary to use chemicals consciously and choose environmentally friendly products.
  7. Education and Awareness: It is important to educate society about environmental awareness and sustainability.
  8. Ozone Pollution Control: The use of substances that damage the ozone layer should be stopped.